Abstract: Abstract Bile duct injury (BDI) is a dangerous complication of cholecystectomy, with significant postoperative sequelae for the patient in terms of morbidity, mortality, and long-term quality of life. BDIs have an estimated incidence of 0.4–1.5%, but considering the number of cholecystectomies performed worldwide, mostly by laparoscopy, surgeons must be prepared to manage this surgical challenge. Most BDIs are recognized either during the procedure or in the immediate postoperative period. However, some BDIs may be discovered later during the postoperative period, and this may translate to delayed or inappropriate treatments. Providing a specific diagnosis and a precise description of the BDI will expedite the decision-making process and increase the chance of treatment success. Subsequently, the choice and timing of the appropriate reconstructive strategy have a critical role in long-term prognosis. Currently, a wide spectrum of multidisciplinary interventions with different degrees of invasiveness is indicated for BDI management. These World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) guidelines have been produced following an exhaustive review of the current literature and an international expert panel discussion with the aim of providing evidence-based recommendations to facilitate and standardize the detection and management of BDIs during cholecystectomy. In particular, the 2020 WSES guidelines cover the following key aspects: (1) strategies to minimize the risk of BDI during cholecystectomy; (2) BDI rates in general surgery units and review of surgical practice; (3) how to classify, stage, and report BDI once detected; (4) how to manage an intraoperatively detected BDI; (5) indications for antibiotic treatment; (6) indications for clinical, biochemical, and imaging investigations for suspected BDI; and (7) how to manage a postoperatively detected BDI.

2020 WSES guidelines for the detection and management of bile duct injury during cholecystectomy;Nicola de’Angelis;2021;figshare


(4,4''-bis(2,6-diformylphenyl)-2,2':6',6''-terpyridine)-iron(ii) bis(hexafluorophosphate) acetonitrile solvate

CCDC 1957472: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Brandl, Thomas;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Thomas Brandl, Sven Johannsen, Daniel Häussinger, Nithin Suryadevara, Alessandro Prescimone, Stefan Bernhard, Manuel Gruber, Mario Ruben, Richard Berndt, Marcel Mayor|2020|Angew.Chem.,Int.Ed.|59|15947|doi:10.1002/anie.202006340


CCDC 2051955: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Li, Jia-Qian;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Jia-Qian Li, Si-Wen Ke, Tong Yan, Yu-Yang Li, Yan Zhou, Mohamedally Kurmoo, Jian Su, Jing-Lin Zuo|2021|Inorg.Chem.|60|8331|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01105


CCDC 2051956: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Li, Jia-Qian;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2051957: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Li, Jia-Qian;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


catena-[(mu-N1,N1,N4,N4-tetrakis[4-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine)-nitrato-aqua-cadmium(ii) nitrate acetonitrile solvate trihydrate]

CCDC 2051958: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Li, Jia-Qian;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: Introduction: While deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been extensively used for more than 20 years in Parkinson’s disease (PD), the optimal area of stimulation to relieve motor symptoms remains elusive. Objective: We aimed at localizing the sweet spot within the subthalamic region by performing a systematic review of the literature. Method: PubMed database was searched for published studies exploring optimal stimulation location for STN DBS in PD, published between 2000 and 2019. A standardized assessment procedure based on methodological features was applied to select high-quality publications. Studies conducted more than 3 months after the DBS procedure, employing lateralized scores and/or stimulation condition, and reporting the volume of tissue activated or the position of the stimulating contact within the subthalamic region were considered in the final analysis. Results: Out of 439 references, 24 were finally retained, including 21 studies based on contact location and 3 studies based on volume of tissue activated (VTA). Most studies (all VTA-based studies and 13 of the 21 contact-based studies) suggest the superior-lateral STN and the adjacent white matter as the optimal sites for stimulation. Remaining contact-based studies were either inconclusive (5/21), favoured the caudal zona incerta (1/21), or suggested a better outcome of STN stimulation than adjacent white matter stimulation (2/21). Conclusion: Using a standardized methodological approach, our review supports the presence of a sweet spot located within the supero-lateral STN and extending to the adjacent white matter.

Supplementary Material for: Stimulation Sweet Spot in Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation – Myth or Reality? A Critical Review of Literature;deRoquemaurel A.;2021;Karger Publishers


Abstract: We will study by coupled SAXS/WAXS and UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy (AS) the growth and subsequent reshaping of gold nanotetrapods. We will complete the study by environmental TEM (ETEM) observations of the process.

Growth and reshaping kinetics of acicular plasmonic nanoparticles;Doru CONSTANTIN;2024;European Synchrotron Radiation Facility


Abstract: Abstract The prevalence of congenital hydrocephalus has been estimated at 1.1 per 1000 infants when including cases diagnosed before 1 year of age after exclusion of neural tube defects. Classification criteria are based either on CSF dynamics, pathophysiological mechanisms or associated lesions. Whereas inherited syndromic hydrocephalus has been associated with more than 100 disease-causing genes, only four genes are currently known to be linked to congenital hydrocephalus either isolated or as a major clinical feature: L1CAM, AP1S2, MPDZ and CCDC88C. In the past 10 years, pathogenic variants in CCDC88C have been documented but the neuropathology remains virtually unknown. We report the neuropathology of two foetuses from one family harbouring two novel compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in the CCDC88C gene: a maternally inherited indel in exon 22, c.3807_3809delinsACCT;p.(Gly1270Profs*53) and a paternally inherited deletion of exon 23, c.3967-?_c.4112-?;p.(Leu1323Argfs*10). Medical termination of pregnancy was performed at 18 and 23 weeks of gestation for severe bilateral ventriculomegaly. In both fetuses, brain lesions consisted of multifocal atresia-forking along the aqueduct of Sylvius and the central canal of the medulla, periventricular neuronal heterotopias and choroid plexus hydrops. The second fetus also presented lumbar myelomeningocele, left diaphragmatic hernia and bilateral renal agenesis. CCDC88C encodes the protein DAPLE which contributes to ependymal cell planar polarity by inhibiting the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway and interacts with MPDZ and PARD3. Interestingly, heterozygous variants in PARD3 result in neural tube defects by defective tight junction formation and polarization process of the neuroepithelium. Besides, during organ formation Wnt signalling is a prerequisite for planar cell polarity pathway activation, and mutations in planar cell polarity genes lead to heart, lung and kidney malformations. Hence, candidate variants in CCDC88C should be carefully considered whether brain lesions are isolated or associated with malformations suspected to result from disorders of planar cell polarity.

Neuropathological hallmarks of fetal hydrocephalus linked to CCDC88C pathogenic variants;Florent Marguet;2021;figshare


CCDC 2085853: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Bougueria, H.;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: H. Bougueria, S. Chetioui, M.A. Bensegueni, J.-P. Djukic, N. Benarous|2021|Acta Crystallogr.,Sect.E:Cryst.Commun.|77|672|doi:10.1107/S2056989021005491


CCDC 2064588: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Pooler, Daisy R. S.;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Daisy R. S. Pooler, Robin Pierron, Stefano Crespi, Romain Costil, Lukas Pfeifer, Jérémie Léonard, Massimo Olivucci, Ben L. Feringa|2021|Chemical Science|12|7486|doi:10.1039/D1SC01105G


Abstract: Abstract Background Increased catabolism has recently been recognized as a clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The hypothalamic systems have been shown to be involved in the metabolic dysfunction in ALS, but the exact extent of hypothalamic circuit alterations in ALS is yet to be determined. Here we explored the integrity of large-scale cortico-hypothalamic circuits involved in energy homeostasis in murine models and in ALS patients. Methods The rAAV2-based large-scale projection mapping and image analysis pipeline based on Wholebrain and Ilastik software suites were used to identify and quantify projections from the forebrain to the lateral hypothalamus in the SOD1(G93A) ALS mouse model (hypermetabolic) and the FusΔNLS ALS mouse model (normo-metabolic). 3 T diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on 83 ALS and 65 control cases to investigate cortical projections to the lateral hypothalamus (LHA) in ALS. Results Symptomatic SOD1(G93A) mice displayed an expansion of projections from agranular insula, ventrolateral orbitofrontal and secondary motor cortex to the LHA. These findings were reproduced in an independent cohort by using a different analytic approach. In contrast, in the FusΔNLS ALS mouse model hypothalamic inputs from insula and orbitofrontal cortex were maintained while the projections from motor cortex were lost. The DTI-MRI data confirmed the disruption of the orbitofrontal-hypothalamic tract in ALS patients. Conclusion This study provides converging murine and human data demonstrating the selective structural disruption of hypothalamic inputs in ALS as a promising factor contributing to the origin of the hypermetabolic phenotype.

Disruption of orbitofrontal-hypothalamic projections in a murine ALS model and in human patients;David Bayer;2021;figshare


Data for Heap et al. (JGR: Solid Earth)

Abstract:
Mechanical data accompanying Heap et al. (JGR: Solid Earth). In the file name, "uni" and "trx" stand for uniaxial and triaxial, respectively. The first number in the file name is the block number (e.g., H2A), and the second number is the sample number (e.g., 2). Finally, "d" and "w" stand for dry and wet, respectively.
In the uniaxial files:Temps(s) - time in secondssigV(MPa) - axial stress in MPaDefcapt - axial strain from LVDTDefax - axial strain from strain gage (not used here)Defrad - radial strain from strain gage (not used here)Defvol - volumetric strain from strain gage (not used here)
Deplctcapt(um) - axial displacement in microns
In the triaxial files:
Temps(s) - time in seconds
Pc(MPa) - confining pressure in MPaPax(MPa) - axial stress in MPaPpam(MPa) - pore fluid pressure in MPaQ(MPa) - differential stress in MPaPmoy(MPa) - effective mean stress in MPaDefaxcapt - axial strain from LVDTDefvolfluide - sample porosity changeDefvolconf - change in confining fluid volume in cm2Deplct(um) - axial displacement in microns

Data for Heap et al. (JGR: Solid Earth);Michael Heap;2021;figshare

Earth and related environmental sciences


Abstract:
Article full text
 The above summary slide represents the opinions of the authors. For a full list of declarations, including funding and author disclosure statements, please see the full text online (see “read the peer-reviewed publication” opposite). © The authors, CC-BY-NC 2021.

Prospective Independent Evaluation of the Carbohydrate Counting Accuracy of Two Smartphone Applications;Adis Journals On Behalf Of:;2021;Adis Journals


Abstract: For several years, the misuse of stimulant substances is increasingly observed both in the field of sport, to improve the functions of the body and therefore to be more performant, and also by non-athletes to make life more tolerable on a daily basis. Adrafinil, 2-((diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide, is a drug designed for the treatment of narcolepsy by promoting an awakened state, and to treat alertness and neurological symptoms in the elderly. It is primarily metabolized <i>in vivo</i> to an active form, i.e. modafinil, 2-((diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl)acetamide. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) banned these two drugs in sports in 2004. The authors report an authentic case involving adrafinil and modafinil. The laboratory was requested to test for adrafinil in a hair strand collected from a woman found in possession of vials of adrafinil and suspected of trafficking. A specific method was developed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Unlike modafinil (varying from 6.8 to 13.9 ng/mg), adrafinil was not identified in the strand. The interpretation of the results was difficult because this is the first case describing human hair analysis. In order to be able to interpret the results, a self-administration study was conducted after an oral administration to a volunteer (200 mg) whose beard hair was collected 10 days after administration. The analysis of this specimen highlighted the presence of adrafinil at 0.8 ng/mg and modafinil at 0.5 ng/mg. These results demonstrate the dual identification of both compounds after a single consumption, even after administration of a low dose. According to these results, the analysis of the hair strand from the authentic case does not match with a consumption of adrafinil, in accordance with abuse of modafinil alone. Intelligence considered that this was a trafficking case of adrafinil, with no self-consumption.

Identification of adrafinil and its main metabolite modafinil in human hair. Self-administration study and interpretation of an authentic case;Alice Ameline;2020;Taylor & Francis


CCDC 2057792: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuéry, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Pierre Thuéry, Jack Harrowfield|2021|Cryst.Growth Des.|21|3000|doi:10.1021/acs.cgd.1c00158


CCDC 2057793: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuéry, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2057794: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuéry, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2057795: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuéry, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2057797: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuéry, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2057798: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuéry, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2057799: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuéry, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2057800: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuéry, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2057796: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuéry, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Supplementary Tables

Abstract:
Whole exome-sequencing (WES) data from the case of a Moroccan girl with a phenotype within the clinical spectrum of both Hallermann-Streiff (HSS, OMIM 234100) and Oculodentodigital Dysplasia (ODDD, OMIM 164200) syndromes.
Several clinical features of ODDD overlap those of HSS and may confuse diagnosis, considering that the inheritance of HSS is not described yet. The diagnostic odyssey of this patient ended with the identification by exome sequencing of a novel homozygous alteration in the GJA1 gene. A missense substitution in exon 2 (Chr6(GRCh37): g.121768554C>G 561 561 NM_000165.4: c.561C>G p.Cys187Trp) was identified by WES, suggesting a diagnosis of ODDD.
Parents gave written informed consent for the transfer of clinical data in D4/phenodent database (www.phenodent.org), genetic testing (GenoDENT) and DNA biobanking (https://clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01746121 et NCT02397824; DC-2012-1677 et DC-2012-1002), and the current publication.


Abstract:
Abstract:
Understanding magnetization dynamics in nanosized systems is a key condition not only to realize innovative new applications, but also to further expand our comprehension of the underlying fundamental physics. Only recently has it been possible to image magnetic objects such as domain walls (DWs) with high temporal and spatial resolution and versatile environments or excitations, using, for example time resolved x-ray magnetic circular dichroism with scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (XMCD STXM). Continuous developments of this technique have allowed for a shift of interest from simple systems such as flat nanostrips, that lend themselves more readily to magnetic imaging, to more intricate systems such as three dimensional nanostructures, with added complexity from the volume [1,2].

A textbook case for such an investigation is provided by cylindrical magnetic nanowires (NWs) featuring a novel type of DW, the Bloch-point wall (BPW) [3] which exhibits azimuthal curling of magnetic moments around a Bloch-point on the NW axis. The dynamics of these walls stand out compared to DWs in flat nanostrips due to fascinating theoretical predictions of fast, stable speeds and the controlled emission of spin waves [4]. Recent experiments in NWs indicate that the Œrsted field induced by nanosecond pulses of current plays a key role in stabilising walls exclusively of the BPW type and further switches the azimuthal circulation to be parallel to the field [5]. This allows controlling the wall structure and enables fast DW motion with speeds > 600 m/s and an absence of Walker breakdown. The importance of the Œrsted field in NWs was further studied with simulations to determine a strong radial dependence, scaling as one-over radius cubed, and a complex mechanism of the BPW switching process, involving nucleation and annihilation of pairs of Bloch-points [6]. In the case of longitudinally magnetised domains, the peripheral magnetic moments also tend to align with the Œrsted field with the degree of tilt related to a competition between magnetic exchange and Zeeman energy. It is clear that the Œrsted field has a major influence on magnetization dynamics in NWs, yet few predictions have been confirmed experimentally due to the complexity of such experiments. Further, without time resolved measurements, no quantitative comparisons of eg. tilt angles in magnetization may be made with the simulations. Verifications of these effects are therefore strongly required in order to control the system and employ it in possible future applications.

Here, we make use of time resolved XMCD STXM to image the magnetization dynamics in NWs subjected to nanosecond pulses of electrical current. Time resolved images were acquired with a temporal resolution of 200 ps, to image the effect of positive and negative polarity 3 ns duration voltage pulses of chosen amplitude applied to magnetically soft Co30Ni70 NWs with diameters 93, 97 and 101 nm. We first observed the tilting of magnetization towards the applied Œrsted field direction in longitudinally magnetized domains (Fig. 1a) and created a model based on the absorptivity of x-rays and a description of the magnetization in a NW cross section to accurately reproduce the observed magnetic contrast and extract quantitative information. We find that the degree of tilt on the surface of these NW samples is of the order of 18±8° per 1012 A/m2 applied (Fig. 1b), which is in agreement with theoretical predictions from ref. [6]. We then observe the expansion (Fig. 2b,d) and compression (Fig. 2a,c) of the BPW width due to the application of a parallel and antiparallel Œrsted field, respectively. This effect, previously predicted by simulations, occurs when the applied current density is insufficiently strong to induce the BPW circulation switching. The magnetic contrast of the phenomenon is again reproduced with our simple model giving quantitative information about this “breathing” of the BPW.

We expect that this work lays the foundation for and provides an incentive to further studying complex magnetisation dynamics in NWs. With increased control of the NW materials, the predicted ultrafast DW motion and associated spin wave emissions [4] may be visualized using this technique. Further, the quantitative analysis provided herein shows the depth of information obtainable with time resolved XMCD STXM and that a direct comparison of the observed dynamics to ie. simulations and theory is possible. This type of direct collaboration will significantly grow the understanding of three dimensional magnetic nanosized systems and enable better control over them.
References:
[1] C. Donnelly et al., Time-resolved imaging of three-dimensional nanoscale magnetization dynamics. Nat. Nanotech. 15 p.356-360 (2020)
[2] A. Fernández-Pacheco et al., Three-dimensional nanomagnetism. Nat. Comm. 8 p.15756 (2017)
[3] S. Da Col et al., Observation of Bloch-point domain walls in cylindrical magnetic nanowires. Phys. Rev. B. 89 p.180405 (2014)
[4] R. Wieser et al., Current-driven domain wall motion in cylindrical nanowires. Phys. Rev. B. 82, p.1-7 (2010)
[5] M. Schöbitz et al. Fast Domain Wall Motion Governed by Topology and Œrsted Fields in Cylindrical Magnetic Nanowires. Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 p.217201 (2019)
[6] A. De Riz et al. Mechanism of current-assisted Bloch-point wall stabilization for ultra fast dynamics. arxiv: 2011.14869v1
Images:
https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/underline.prod/uploads/markdown_image/1/image/dad38862b68e88e07ac7345f1feba12e.jpg
Figure 1: (a) Time resolved imaging of the tilting of magnetization in cylindrical NWs due to an applied Oersted field with white arrows indicating the direction of the Œrsted field. (b) Tilt angle calculated from the magnetic images for three different NW diameters and compared with theoretical predictions.
https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/underline.prod/uploads/markdown_image/1/image/266b1bac51bb6fd30599e47d72aee2f6.jpg
Figure 2: (a) Time resolved images of the compression (a) and expansion (b) of a Bloch-point DW in cylindrical NWs due to an applied Oersted field. Illustrations of the compressed (c) and expanded (d) DW from (a,b) with the Oersted field direction indicated.

DD-05 - Time resolved imaging of Œrsted field induced magnetization dynamics in cylindrical magnetic nanowires;2021 INTERMAG Conference 2021;2021;Underline Science Inc.


Abstract:
Abstract:
Current-driven domain wall dynamics in circular cross-section nanowires is a key phenomenon to be studied with a view to designing three-dimensional magnetic memory devices. The information stored in this type of device would be encoded by magnetic domains separated by magnetic domain walls. Two types of domain walls exist in magnetically soft cylindrical nanowires: the transverse-vortex wall (TVW) and the Bloch-point wall (BPW). The latter has a distinct topology and exhibits azimuthal curling of magnetic moments (also called circulation) around a Bloch point – a micromagnetic singularity. This micromagnetic object is expected to prevent the usual Walker breakdown, and thus enable high domain wall speed. The Walker breakdown is expected to not occur in the case of the Bloch-point wall, as it would require a too large energy of dipolar origin with a head-on magnetization configuration along all three directions.
We showed recently [1] that the previously overlooked Oersted field associated with an electric current is a key in experiments to stabilize the BPW and reach speed above 600m/s with spin-transfer. Here we use micromagnetic simulations, analytical modeling and topological arguments to understand in detail and quantitatively the underlying phenomena, in particular the switching from negative to positive circulation of the BPW, with respect to the applied current [2]. The switching of the azimuthal circulation of the BPW to match that of the OEersted field occurs above a threshold current which we quantify as a function of geometry and material parameters. The key result is a 1/R3 dependence of the switching threshold, with R the wire radius, with the effect of the OErsted field becoming predominant for wire radius above typically 30nm. To the contrary, the speed of walls remains largely determined by spin-transfer alone, in a below-Walker regime. Thanks to a generalized micromagnetic scaling of lengths and densities of current, the present result can be applied to wires made of any magnetically soft material. We also highlight the complexity of BPW transformation involving the nucleation and/or annihilation of the topological objects at the surface (vortex/antivortex pairs) and in the volume (Bloch points) [Fig.1].
References:
[1] M. Schöbitz, A. de Riz, S. Martin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 217201 (2019)
[2] A. De Riz, J. Hurst, M. Schöbitz, C. Thirion, J. Bachmann, J. C. Toussaint, O. Fruchart, D. Gusakova, arXiv:2011.14869 (2020)
Images:
https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/underline.prod/uploads/markdown_image/1/image/639b0dd3d6b4627fa77ee50fcccf7ce4.jpg
Figure 1: Snapshots illustrating the switching mechanism of BPW circulation in a permalloy wire under applied current. Top row: unrolled maps of radial magnetization, wire axis along z, periphery along φ. Bottom row: same surface maps of radial magnetization seen from inside of the wire as a 3D view. A, V and B labels highlight surface vortex and antivortex as well as Bloch point.

DD-06 - Mechanism of current-assisted Bloch-point wall stabilization for ultra fast dynamics;2021 INTERMAG Conference 2021;2021;Underline Science Inc.


Abstract:
Abstract:
Nanowires and nanotubes are one-dimensional conduits, providing an ideal playground to investigate the fundamentals of domain-wall motion and spin-wave propagation. While simulations have been dominating for two decades, the first experiments are emerging. In particular, a peculiar class of domains were observed recently in nanotubes – domains with azimuthal (flux-closure) magnetization 1 (CoNiB, 400nm diameter). Azimuthal magnetization relates to the curvature-induced magnetic anisotropy resulting from the anisotropy of the granular structure, combined with inverse magnetostriction and/or inter-grain interface anisotropy. Interestingly, besides the conventional spin-transfer torques, a significant OErsted field directly coupled to the azimuthal magnetization through Zeeman energy may exist in a tubular geometry. This opens new possibilities for the manipulation of the domain walls in such geometries. Curvature-induced anisotropy together with OErsted field effects suggest that according to the domain wall type their dynamical features may be very different from the case of thin flat strips, now well established theoretically and experimentally.
Given that, we report a theoretical overview [2] of the magnetic domain wall behavior under an electric current in infinitely long nanotubes with azimuthal magnetization, combining the one-dimensional analytic model and micromagnetic simulations. We derive a phase diagram predicting the stable azimuthal domains versus the anisotropy strength and the tube geometry, see Fig. 1. In addition, we predict the types of stable walls, either Néel or Bloch, pictured in Fig. 2, resulting from the competition between the curvature induced exchange energy, the demagnetization energy and the anisotropy energy. We also draw the panorama of the impact of the OErsted field on wall motion in tubes with azimuthal domains, pointing at curiosities such as opposite directions of motion below and above the Walker current and dramatic contrast between Néel and Bloch walls. In particular, we show the existence of spin-transfer torque and/or Oersted dominated regime for both domain wall structures and we predict large domain wall speeds reaching potentially 800 m/s, before the occurrence of a so-called Walker breakdown, see Fig. 2. We show how the domain wall speed and the walker field depend on the anisotropy and the geometrical parameter of the magnetic tubes and highlight the most suitable parameters to achieve high domain wall speed. Our study may guide the experimental realization of magnetic tubes, targeting the optimal parameters to get the desired properties.
References:
[1] M.Stano, O. Fruchart, Magnetic Nanowires and Nanotubes, Handbook of Magnetic Materials, Elsevier, v. 27, pp.155-267, (2018).

[2] J. Hurst, A. De Riz, M. Stano, J.-C. Toussaint, O. Fruchart, D. Gusakova, arXiv:2010.01966, (2020) [Accepted for publication in PRB].
Images:
https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/underline.prod/uploads/markdown_image/1/image/4b1cb2080f81d841fe83ecf93d78ffdb.jpg
Fig. 1 : Threshold values of the anisotropy strength separating axial monodomain (below the curve)   from azimuthal monodomain (above the curve) as a function of the tube thickness for three different external tube radius. The markers indicate an estimation of the threshold anisotropy value obtained with feeLLGood simulations [2].
https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/underline.prod/uploads/markdown_image/1/image/ca8308c0d13e791df5240097cefc75c7.jpg
Fig. 2 : Time-averaged domain wall speed for a Néel wall (left panel) and a Bloch wall (right panel) versus the applied current density for two nanotube thicknesses:  ΔR=10 nm (full lines) and ΔR=20 nm (dashed lines). Three different configurations are considered: disconsidering spin-transfer torques~(black curves), with spin-transfer torque and Oersted field cooperating~(red curve), and with spin-transfer torque and Oersted competing~(blue curve).

DD-08 - Theoretical study of current induced domain wall motion in magnetic nanotubes with azimuthal magnetization;2021 INTERMAG Conference 2021;2021;Underline Science Inc.


CCDC 1992496: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Vo-Thanh, Giang;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Giang Vo-Thanh, Stéphane Wittmann, Thomas Martzel, Cong-Thanh Pham truong, Martial Toffano, Sylvain Oudeyer, Régis Guillot, Chloée Bournaud, Vincent Gandon, Jean-François Brière|2021|Angew.Chem.,Int.Ed.|60|11110|doi:10.1002/anie.202014489


CCDC 1998088: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Vo-Thanh, Giang;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1998089: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Vo-Thanh, Giang;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2062466: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Vo-Thanh, Giang;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: The Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) genomic RNA (gRNA) packaging signal is a highly-structured element with several stem-loops held together by two phylogenetically conserved long-range interactions (LRIs) between U5 and gag complementary sequences. These LRIs play a critical role in maintaining the structure of the 5´ end of the MPMV gRNA. Thus, one could hypothesize that the overall RNA secondary structure of this region is further architecturally held together by three other stem loops (SL3, Gag SL1, and Gag SL2) comprising of sequences from the distal parts of the 5´untranslated region (5ʹ UTR) to ~ 120 nucleotides into gag, excluding gag sequences involved in forming the U5-Gag LRIs. To provide functional evidence for the biological significance of these stem loops during gRNA encapsidation, these structural motifs were mutated and their effects on MPMV RNA packaging and propagation were tested in a single round trans-complementation assay. The mutant RNA structures were further studied by high throughput SHAPE (hSHAPE) assay. Our results reveal that sequences involved in forming these three stem loops do not play crucial roles at an individual level during MPMV gRNA packaging or propagation. Further structure–function analysis indicates that the U5-Gag LRIs have a more important architectural role in stabilizing the higher order structure of the 5´ UTR than the three stem loops which have a more secondary and perhaps indirect role in stabilizing the overall RNA secondary structure of the region. Our work provides a better understanding of the molecular interactions that take place during MPMV gRNA packaging.

Stabilizing role of structural elements within the 5´ Untranslated Region (UTR) and gag sequences in Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) genomic RNA packaging;Rawan M. Kalloush;2020;Taylor & Francis


Apollo-University Of Cambridge Repository

Abstract: A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8227-9

Erratum to: Higgs boson production cross-section measurements and their EFT interpretation in the 4 ℓ decay channel at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector;G. Aad;2021;Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository


Abstract: The Lagrangian in eq. (2.1) of JHEP11 (2020) 005 has an erroneous factor of 1/2. The analysis code used for the results reported in the paper does not have this factor. The results remain unchanged.

Erratum: Search for new non-resonant phenomena in high-mass dilepton final states with the ATLAS detector;G. Aad;2021;Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository


Abstract: A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08730-0

Erratum to: Search for phenomena beyond the Standard Model in events with large b -jet multiplicity using the ATLAS detector at the LHC;G. Aad;2021;Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository


CCDC 2060011: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Hara, Aoi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Aoi Hara, Sotaro Kusumoto, Yoshihiro Sekine, Jack Harrowfield, Yang Kim, Shinya Hayami, Masaaki Nakamura|2021|Dalton Trans.|50|5428|doi:10.1039/D1DT00569C


CCDC 2060012: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Hara, Aoi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2060013: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Hara, Aoi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2060014: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Hara, Aoi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2060015: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Hara, Aoi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2060016: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Hara, Aoi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: Abstract While genome sequencing and assembly are now routine, we do not have a full, precise picture of polyploid genomes. No existing polyploid phasing method provides accurate and contiguous haplotype predictions. We developed nPhase, a ploidy agnostic tool that leverages long reads and accurate short reads to solve alignment-based phasing for samples of unspecified ploidy ( https://github.com/OmarOakheart/nPhase ). nPhase is validated by tests on simulated and real polyploids. nPhase obtains on average over 95% accuracy and a contiguous 1.25 haplotigs per haplotype to cover more than 90% of each chromosome (heterozygosity rate ≥ 0.5%). nPhase allows population genomics and hybrid studies of polyploids.

nPhase: an accurate and contiguous phasing method for polyploids;Omar Abou Saada;2021;figshare


Abstract: Additional file 1. This file is an excel spreadsheet containing all of the supplementary tables. Table S1 - Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains used in our validation experiment. Table S2 - Results of running nPhase on our validation dataset using the optimal parameters identified. Table S3 - Performance metrics of running nPhase on that validation dataset.

Additional file 1 of nPhase: an accurate and contiguous phasing method for polyploids;Omar Abou Saada;2021;figshare


Abstract: In the published HTML version of this article, the affiliations of the authors of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia were unfortunately marked incorrectly.


Abstract: Abstract Background The short-term and long-term consequences of the most frequent painful procedures performed in the ICU are unclear. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with pain-related discomfort perceived by critically ill patients during the whole ICU stay as self-reported by patients at the end of their ICU stay. Methods The study involved 34 ICUs. Adult patients who survived an ICU stay of 3 calendar days or more were eligible for inclusion. Discomforts, including the pain-related discomfort, were assessed using the French 18-item questionnaire on discomfort in ICU patients, the “Inconforts des Patients de REAnimation” (IPREA). Patients scored each item from 0 (minimal discomfort) to 10 (maximal discomfort). Associations between patient characteristics at ICU admission, life support therapies and main potentially painful procedures performed during the ICU stay and pain-related discomfort scores assessed at the end of the ICU stay were analyzed. Results Patients with complete IPREA questionnaires (n = 2130) were included. The median pain-related discomfort score was 3 (IQR 0–5). From the univariate analysis, pain-related discomfort scores were negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with ICU stay duration; surgical patients reported significant higher pain-related discomfort scores than medical patients; chest drain insertion, chest drain removal, use of bladder catheter, central venous catheter (CVC) insertion, complex dressing change, and intra-hospital transport were associated with pain-related discomfort scores. From the multivariate analyses using generalized estimating equations models, only age, chest drain removal, use of a bladder catheter, CVC insertion, and intra-hospital transport were the main risk factors associated with pain-related discomfort scores. Conclusion Patients who underwent chest drain removal, bladder catheter, CVC insertion, and intra-hospital transport during their ICU stay reported higher pain-related discomfort scores (with respect to the whole ICU stay and assessed at the end of their ICU stay) than patients who did not experience these events. This study may pave the way for further targeted studies aiming at investigating a causal link between these common procedures in the ICU and adult critically ill patients’ perceptions of their ICU stay regarding recalled pain. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT02442934, retrospectively registered on May 13, 2015

Risk factors and events in the adult intensive care unit associated with pain as self-reported at the end of the intensive care unit stay;Pierre Kalfon;2021;figshare


Abstract: Abstract Background Alvinella pompejana is a representative of Annelids, a key phylum for evo-devo studies that is still poorly studied at the sequence level. A. pompejana inhabits deep-sea hydrothermal vents and is currently known as one of the most thermotolerant Eukaryotes in marine environments, withstanding the largest known chemical and thermal ranges (from 5 to 105°C). This tube-dwelling worm forms dense colonies on the surface of hydrothermal chimneys and can withstand long periods of hypo/anoxia and long phases of exposure to hydrogen sulphides. A. pompejana specifically inhabits chimney walls of hydrothermal vents on the East Pacific Rise. To survive, Alvinella has developed numerous adaptations at the physiological and molecular levels, such as an increase in the thermostability of proteins and protein complexes. It represents an outstanding model organism for studying adaptation to harsh physicochemical conditions and for isolating stable macromolecules resistant to high temperatures. Results We have constructed four full length enriched cDNA libraries to investigate the biology and evolution of this intriguing animal. Analysis of more than 75,000 high quality reads led to the identification of 15,858 transcripts and 9,221 putative protein sequences. Our annotation reveals a good coverage of most animal pathways and networks with a prevalence of transcripts involved in oxidative stress resistance, detoxification, anti-bacterial defence, and heat shock protection. Alvinella proteins seem to show a slow evolutionary rate and a higher similarity with proteins from Vertebrates compared to proteins from Arthropods or Nematodes. Their composition shows enrichment in positively charged amino acids that might contribute to their thermostability. The gene content of Alvinella reveals that an important pool of genes previously considered to be specific to Deuterostomes were in fact already present in the last common ancestor of the Bilaterian animals, but have been secondarily lost in model invertebrates. This pool is enriched in glycoproteins that play a key role in intercellular communication, hormonal regulation and immunity. Conclusions Our study starts to unravel the gene content and sequence evolution of a deep-sea annelid, revealing key features in eukaryote adaptation to extreme environmental conditions and highlighting the proximity of Annelids and Vertebrates.

Insights into metazoan evolution from alvinella pompejana cDNAs;Nicolas Gagnière;2021;figshare


Abstract: Authors’ original file for figure 3

Additional file 8 of Insights into metazoan evolution from alvinella pompejana cDNAs;Nicolas Gagnière;2021;figshare


Abstract: Abstract Background The ubiquitous nature of bacterial biofilms combined with the enhanced resistance towards antimicrobials has led to the development of an increasing number of strategies for biofilm eradication. Such strategies must take into account the existence of extracellular polymeric substances, which obstruct the diffusion of antibiofilm agents and assists in the maintenance of a well-defended microbial community. Within this context, nanoparticles have been studied for their drug delivery efficacy and easily customised surface. Nevertheless, there usually is a requirement for nanocarriers to be used in association with an antimicrobial agent; the intrinsically antimicrobial nanoparticles are most often made of metals or metal oxides, which is not ideal from ecological and biomedical perspectives. Based on this, the use of polymeric micelles as nanocarriers is appealing as they can be easily prepared using biodegradable organic materials. Results In the present work, micelles comprised of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and dextran are prepared and then functionalised with curcumin. The effect of the functionalisation in the micelle’s physical properties was elucidated, and the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were assessed for the prepared polymeric nanoparticles against Pseudomonas spp. cells and biofilms. It was found that the nanoparticles have good penetration into the biofilms, which resulted in enhanced antibacterial activity of the conjugated micelles when compared to free curcumin. Furthermore, the curcumin-functionalised micelles were efficient at disrupting mature biofilms and demonstrated antibacterial activity towards biofilm-embedded cells. Conclusion Curcumin-functionalised poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-dextran micelles are novel nanostructures with an intrinsic antibacterial activity tested against two Pseudomonas spp. strains that have the potential to be further exploited to deliver a secondary bioactive molecule within its core. Graphic Abstract

Synthesis and self-assembly of curcumin-modified amphiphilic polymeric micelles with antibacterial activity;Caio H. N. Barros;2021;figshare


CCDC 2049539: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Schlittenhardt, Sören;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Sören Schlittenhardt, Eufemio Moreno-Pineda, Mario Ruben|2021|Dalton Trans.|50|4735|doi:10.1039/D1DT00063B


CCDC 2049538: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Schlittenhardt, Sören;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2049540: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Schlittenhardt, Sören;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: Abstract Background Greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.) is a major tropical and subtropical staple crop cultivated for its starchy tubers. Breeding of this dioecious species is hampered by its erratic flowering, yet little is currently known on the genetic determinism of its sexual reproduction. Result Here we used a genome-wide association approach and identified a major genetic barrier to reproduction in yam on chromosome 1, as represented by two candidate genes. A deleterious effect on male fitness could be hypothesized considering the involvement of these two genes in male reproduction and the low frequency of this non-flowering dominant allele within the male genepool. We also extended the hypothesis of a XX/XY sex-determination system located on chromosome 6 in D. alata to encompass most of the species diversity. Moreover, a kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASPar) marker was designed and validated that enables accurate cultivar sex estimation. The reconstruction of chromosome 6 associated with the detection of highly putative structural variations confirmed the possible involvement of a major part of the chromosome. Conclusion The findings of this study, combined with proper estimation of accession ploidy levels to avoid endosperm incompatibility issues, could facilitate the design of future promising parental combinations in D. alata breeding programs. Moreover, the discovery of this genetic barrier to reproduction opens new avenues for gaining insight into yam reproductive biology and diversification.

Genetic control of flowering in greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.);Fabien Cormier;2021;figshare


Abstract: Additional File 9: Table S1. Accessions used in this study with their attributes: flowering and sex.

Additional file 9 of Genetic control of flowering in greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.);Fabien Cormier;2021;figshare


Abstract: Abstract Background The rapid shift in hospital governance in the past few years suggests greater orthopedist involvement in management roles, would have wide-reaching benefits for the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare delivery. This paper analyzes the dynamics of orthopedist involvement in the management of clinical activities for three orthopedic care pathways, by examining orthopedists’ level of involvement, describing the implications of such involvement, and indicating the main responses of other healthcare workers to such orthopedist involvement. Methods We selected four contrasting cases according to their level of governance in a Canadian university hospital center. We documented the institutional dynamics of orthopedist involvement in the management of clinical activities using semi-structured interviews until data saturation was reached at the 37th interview. Results Our findings show four levels (Inactive, Reactive, Contributory and Active) of orthopedist involvement in clinical activities. With the underlying nature of orthopedic surgeries, there are: (i) some activities for which decisions cannot be programmed in advance, and (ii) others for which decisions can be programmed. The management of unforeseen events requires a higher level of orthopedist involvement than the management of events that can be programmed. Conclusions Beyond simply identifying the underlying dynamics of orthopedists’ involvement in clinical activities, this study analyzed how such involvement impacts management activities and the quality-of-care results for patients.

Orthopedist involvement in the management of clinical activities: a case study;André Côté;2021;figshare


CCDC 1565995: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Balaji, Sundarraman;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Sundarraman Balaji, Gunasekaran Balamurugan, Rengan Ramesh, David Semeril|2021|Organometallics|40|725|doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00814


CCDC 1833169: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Balaji, Sundarraman;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2034421: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Fadler, Rachel E.;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Rachel E. Fadler, Abdelaziz Al Ouahabi, Bo Qiao, Veronica Carta, Niklas F. König, Xinfeng Gao, Wei Zhao, Yankai Zhang, Jean-François Lutz, Amar H. Flood|2021|J.Org.Chem.|86|4532|doi:10.1021/acs.joc.0c02887


CCDC 2034419: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Fadler, Rachel E.;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2034420: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Fadler, Rachel E.;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, including primary arterial hypertension. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the expression of the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) in immune cells from peripheral blood, reflect central SNS activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). TH expression in the lower brainstem and adrenal glands and β2-AR expression in the lower brainstem were analyzed by western blot analyses. In the leukocytes, TH and β2-AR expression was evaluated by flow cytometry before and after chronic treatment with the centrally-acting sympathoinhibitory drug clonidine. Western blot analyses showed increased TH and β2-AR expression in the lower brainstem and increased TH in adrenal glands from SHR compared to normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Lower brainstem from SHR treated with clonidine presented reduced TH and β2-AR levels, and adrenal glands had decreased TH expression compared to SHR treated with vehicle. Flow cytometry showed that the percentage of leukocytes that express β2-AR is higher in SHR than in WKY. However, the percentage of leukocytes that expressed TH was higher in WKY than in SHR. Moreover, chronic treatment with clonidine normalized the levels of TH and β2-AR in leukocytes from SHR to similar levels of those of WKY. Our study demonstrated that the percentage of leukocytes expressing TH and β2-AR was altered in arterial hypertension and can be modulated by central sympathetic inhibition with clonidine treatment.

Tyrosine hydroxylase and β2-adrenergic receptor expression in leukocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats: putative peripheral markers of central sympathetic activity;L.M. Nisimura;2021;SciELO journals


CCDC 2045969: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Mercuri, Giorgio;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Giorgio Mercuri, Marco Moroni, Kostiantyn V. Domasevitch, Corrado Di Nicola, Patrizio Campitelli, Claudio Pettinari, Giuliano Giambastiani, Simona Galli, Andrea Rossin|2021|Chem.-Eur.J.|27|4746|doi:10.1002/chem.202005216


Abstract: C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is considered as a potential drug target in settings of wound healing, inflammation, and infection. A potential barrier to this is evidence that CLEC-2 and its ligand podoplanin play a critical role in preventing lymphatic vessel blood filling in mice throughout life. In this study, this aspect of CLEC-2/podoplanin function is investigated in more detail using new and established mouse models of CLEC-2 and podoplanin deficiency, and models of acute and chronic vascular remodeling. We report that CLEC-2 expression on platelets is not required to maintain a barrier between the blood and lymphatic systems in unchallenged mice, post-development. However, under certain conditions of chronic vascular remodeling, such as during tumorigenesis, deficiency in CLEC-2 can lead to lymphatic vessel blood filling. These data provide a new understanding of the function of CLEC-2 in adult mice and confirm the essential nature of CLEC-2-driven platelet activation in vascular developmental programs. This work expands our understanding of how lymphatic blood filling is prevented by CLEC-2-dependent platelet function and provides a context for the development of safe targeting strategies for CLEC-2 and podoplanin.

Lymphatic blood filling in CLEC-2-deficient mouse models;Elizabeth J Haining;2020;Taylor & Francis


Abstract: Abstract Background Emerging evidence suggests that the reallocation of health care resources during the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacts health care system. This study describes the epidemiology and the outcome of major trauma patients admitted to centers in France during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods This retrospective observational study included all consecutive trauma patients aged 15 years and older admitted into 15 centers contributing to the TraumaBase® registry during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in France. This COVID-19 trauma cohort was compared to historical cohorts (2017–2019). Results Over a 4 years-study period, 5762 patients were admitted between the first week of February and mid-June. This cohort was split between patients admitted during the first 2020 pandemic wave in France (pandemic period, 1314 patients) and those admitted during the corresponding period in the three previous years (2017–2019, 4448 patients). Trauma patient demographics changed substantially during the pandemic especially during the lockdown period, with an observed reduction in both the absolute numbers and proportion exposed to road traffic accidents and subsequently admitted to traumacenters (348 annually 2017–2019 [55.4% of trauma admissions] vs 143 [36.8%] in 2020 p

Impact of the SARS-COV-2 outbreak on epidemiology and management of major traumain France: a registry-based study (the COVITRAUMA study);Jean-Denis Moyer;2021;figshare


CCDC 2047521: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Mercuri, Giorgio;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: Abstract Background Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduced cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes patients independently of glycemic control. Although angiotensin II (Ang II) and blood-derived microparticles are major mediators of cardiovascular disease, their impact on SGLT1 and 2 expression and function in endothelial cells (ECs) and isolated arteries remains unclear. Methods ECs were isolated from porcine coronary arteries, and arterial segments from rats. The protein expression level was assessed by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining, mRNA levels by RT-PCR, oxidative stress using dihydroethidium, nitric oxide using DAF-FM diacetate, senescence by senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, and platelet aggregation by aggregometer. Microparticles were collected from blood of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD-MPs). Results Ang II up-regulated SGLT1 and 2 protein levels in ECs, and caused a sustained extracellular glucose- and Na+-dependent pro-oxidant response that was inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor VAS-2780, the AT1R antagonist losartan, sotagliflozin (Sota, SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibitor), and empagliflozin (Empa, SGLT2 inhibitor). Ang II increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity and markers, VCAM-1, MCP-1, tissue factor, ACE, and AT1R, and down-regulated eNOS and NO formation, which were inhibited by Sota and Empa. Increased SGLT1 and SGLT2 protein levels were observed in the rat aortic arch, and Ang II- and eNOS inhibitor-treated thoracic aorta segments, and were associated with enhanced levels of oxidative stress and prevented by VAS-2780, losartan, Sota and Empa. CAD-MPs promoted increased levels of SGLT1, SGLT2 and VCAM-1, and decreased eNOS and NO formation in ECs, which were inhibited by VAS-2780, losartan, Sota and Empa. Conclusions Ang II up-regulates SGLT1 and 2 protein expression in ECs and arterial segments to promote sustained oxidative stress, senescence and dysfunction. Such a sequence contributes to CAD-MPs-induced endothelial dysfunction. Since AT1R/NADPH oxidase/SGLT1 and 2 pathways promote endothelial dysfunction, inhibition of SGLT1 and/or 2 appears as an attractive strategy to enhance the protective endothelial function.

Angiotensin II-induced upregulation of SGLT1 and 2 contributes to human microparticle‐stimulated endothelial senescence and dysfunction: protective effect of gliflozins;Sin-Hee Park;2021;figshare


Abstract: Abstract Background A positive surface charge has been largely associated with nanoparticle (NP) toxicity. However, by screening a carbon NP library in macrophages, we found that a cationic charge does not systematically translate into toxicity. To get deeper insight into this, we carried out a comprehensive study on 5 cationic carbon NPs (NP2 to NP6) exhibiting a similar zeta (ζ) potential value (from + 20.6 to + 26.9 mV) but displaying an increasing surface charge density (electrokinetic charge, Qek from 0.23 to 4.39 µmol/g). An anionic and non-cytotoxic NP (NP1, ζ-potential = − 38.5 mV) was used as control. Results The 5 cationic NPs induced high (NP6 and NP5, Qek of 2.95 and 4.39 µmol/g, respectively), little (NP3 and NP4, Qek of 0.78 and 1.35 µmol/g, respectively) or no (NP2, Qek of 0.23 µmol/g) viability loss in THP-1-derived macrophages exposed for 24 h to escalating NP dose (3 to 200 µg/mL). A similar toxicity trend was observed in airway epithelial cells (A549 and Calu-3), with less viability loss than in THP-1 cells. NP3, NP5 and NP6 were taken up by THP-1 cells at 4 h, whereas NP1, NP2 and NP4 were not. Among the 6 NPs, only NP5 and NP6 with the highest surface charge density induced significant oxidative stress, IL-8 release, mitochondrial dysfunction and loss in lysosomal integrity in THP-1 cells. As well, in mice, NP5 and NP6 only induced airway inflammation. NP5 also increased allergen-induced immune response, airway inflammation and mucus production. Conclusions Thus, this study clearly reveals that the surface charge density of a cationic carbon NP rather than the absolute value of its ζ-potential is a relevant descriptor of its in vitro and in vivo toxicity.

Density of surface charge is a more predictive factor of the toxicity of cationic carbon nanoparticles than zeta potential;Maud Weiss;2021;figshare


Abstract: Abstract Background Lupus animal model has shown that arsenic trioxide (ATO), a treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia, could be effective in SLE. This is the first clinical study to determine the safety and efficacy of a short course of intravenous ATO in patients with active SLE. Methods This phase IIa, open-label, dose-escalating study enrolled 11 adult SLE patients with a non-organ threatening disease, clinically active despite conventional therapy. Patients received 10 IV infusions of ATO within 24 days. The first group received 0.10 mg/kg per injection, with dose-escalating to 0.15 mg/kg in a second group, and to 0.20 mg/kg in a third group. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of adverse events (AEs) and secondary endpoints were the number of SLE Responder Index 4 (SRI-4) responders at week 24 and reduction of corticosteroid dosage. In an exploratory analysis, we collected long-term data for safety and attainment of lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS). Results Four serious AEs occurred (grade 3 neutropenia, osteitis, neuropathy), 2 of which were attributable to ATO (neutropenia in the 2 patients treated with mycophenolate). Two patients suffered a severe flare during the last 4 weeks of the trial. At W24, five patients among 10 were SRI-4 responders. Overall, mean corticosteroid dosage decreased from 11.25 mg/day at baseline to 6 mg/day at W24 (P

Safety and efficacy of low-dose intravenous arsenic trioxide in systemic lupus erythematosus: an open-label phase IIa trial (Lupsenic);Mohamed Hamidou;2021;figshare


CCDC 2053544: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Wang, Zhi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Zhi Wang, Mo Ashafaq, Yu-Fan Lu, Lei Feng, Mohamedally Kurmoo, Hongzhi Liu, Zhi-Yong Gao, Yun-Wu Li, Di Sun|2021|Inorg.Chem.|60|2899|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00160


CCDC 2053545: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Wang, Zhi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2053546: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Wang, Zhi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2053547: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Wang, Zhi;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: Abstract Background PCRs targeting 16S ribosomal DNA (16S PCR) followed by Sanger’s sequencing can identify bacteria from normally sterile sites and complement standard analyzes, but they are expensive. We conducted a retrospective study in the Strasbourg University Hospital to assess the clinical impact of 16S PCR sequencing on patients’ treatments according to different sample types. Methods From 2014 to 2018, 806 16S PCR samples were processed, and 191 of those were positive. Results Overall, the test impacted the treatment of 62 of the 191 patients (32%). The antibiotic treatment was rationalized in 31 patients (50%) and extended in 24 patients (39%), and an invasive procedure was chosen for 7 patients (11%) due to the 16S PCR sequencing results. Positive 16S PCR sequencing results on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) had a greater impact on patients’ management than positive ones on cardiac valves (p = 0.044). The clinical impact of positive 16S PCR sequencing results were significantly higher when blood cultures were negative (p

Impact of 16S rDNA sequencing on clinical treatment decisions: a single center retrospective study;Axel Ursenbach;2021;figshare


CCDC 2039079: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Knighton, Richard C.;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Richard C. Knighton, Thibault Troadec, Valérie Mazan, Patricia Le Saëc, Séverine Marionneau-Lambot, Thomas Le Bihan, Nathalie Saffon-Merceron, Nathalie Le Bris, Michel Chérel, Alain Faivre-Chauvet, Mourad Elhabiri, Loïc J. Charbonnière, Raphaël Tripier|2021|Inorg.Chem.|60|2634|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03492


Abstract: We report new ichthyosaur material excavated in lower Toarcian levels of the LafargeHolcim Val d'Azergues quarry in Beaujolais, SE France. A partially articulated skull and a smaller, unprepared but likely subcomplete skeleton preserved in a carbonate concretion are identified as stenopterygiids, a family of wide European distribution during the Early Jurassic. These specimens are among the finest preserved Toarcian exemplars known from Europe and, in one of them, soft tissue preservation is suspected. Their state of preservation is attributed to the combination of prolonged anoxic conditions near the water–sediment interface and early carbonate cementation resulting from the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria. We also present carbon and strontium isotope values obtained from the study site that allow detailed temporal comparisons with other Toarcian vertebrate-yielding sites and environmental perturbations associated with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE). These comparisons suggest that the relatively high abundance and good preservation state of Toarcian vertebrates was favoured by a prolonged period of low bottom water oxygenation and accumulation rates. The environmental conditions that prevailed during the T-OAE were probably responsible for the extensive nature of Lagerstätte-type deposits with exceptional preservation of marine organisms. Whether the T-OAE had a biological impact on marine vertebrates requires a precise chemostratigraphic context of the fossil record spanning the Pliensbachian–Toarcian interval.

Stenopterygiids from the lower Toarcian of Beaujolais and a chemostratigraphic context for ichthyosaur preservation during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event;Jeremy E. Martin;2021;Geological Society of London


CCDC 1935240: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Pariat, Thibault;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Thibault Pariat, Maxime Munch, Martyna Durko-Maciag, Jaroslaw Mysliwiec, Pascal Retailleau, Pauline M. Vérité, Denis Jacquemin, Julien Massue, Gilles Ulrich|2021|Chem.-Eur.J.|27|3483|doi:10.1002/chem.202004767


CCDC 1935241: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Pariat, Thibault;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1918145: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Pariat, Thibault;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1935242: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Pariat, Thibault;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2042158: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Richard, Jimmy;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Jimmy Richard, Jean Joseph, Can Wang, Artur Ciesielski, Jean Weiss, Paolo Samorì, Victor Mamane, Jennifer A. Wytko|2021|J.Org.Chem.|86|3356|doi:10.1021/acs.joc.0c02708


CCDC 2012419: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Massé, Paul;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Paul Massé, Sabine Choppin, Lucia Chiummiento, Françoise Colobert, Gilles Hanquet|2021|J.Org.Chem.|86|3033|doi:10.1021/acs.joc.0c02489


Abstract: Abstract Background Improving outcomes of older patients admitted into intensive care units (ICU) is a raising concern. This study aimed at determining which geriatric and ICU parameters were associated with in-hospital and long-term mortality in this population. Methods We conducted a prospective multicentric observational cohort study, including patients aged 75 years and older requiring mechanical ventilation, admitted between September 2012 and December 2013 into ICU of 13 French hospitals. Comprehensive geriatric assessment at ICU admission and ICU usual parameters were registered in a standardized manner. Survival was recorded and comprehensive geriatric assessment was updated after 1 year during a dedicated home visit. Results 501 patients were analyzed. 108 patients (21.6%) died during the hospital stay. One-year survival rate was 53.8% (IC 95% [49.2%; 58.2%]). Factors associated with increased in-hospital mortality were higher acute illness severity score, resuscitated cardiac arrest as primary ICU diagnosis, perception of anxiety and low quality of life by the proxy, and living in a chronic care facility before ICU admission. Among patients alive at hospital discharge, factors associated with increased 1-year mortality in multivariate analysis were longer duration of mechanical ventilation, all primary ICU diagnoses other than septic shock, a Katz-activities of daily living (ADL) score below 5 and living in a chronic care facility before ICU admission. Among the 163 survivors at 1 year who received a second comprehensive geriatric assessment, the ADL score (functional abilities) showed a significant but moderate decline over time, whereas the Mini-Zarit score (family burden) improved. No significant change in patients’ place of life was observed after 1 year, and quality of life was reported as happy-to-very-happy in 88% of survivors. Conclusions The mortality rate remains high among older ICU patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Factors associated with short- and long-term mortality combined geriatric and ICU criteria, which should be jointly evaluated in routine care. Clinical trial registration NCT01679171

Determinants of hospital and one-year mortality among older patients admitted to intensive care units: results from the multicentric SENIOREA cohort;Julien Demiselle;2021;figshare


CCDC 1976929: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Chen, Jin-Ming;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Jin-Ming Chen, Liang Peng, Fu-Fang Zhou, Bin Liu, Cheng Hou, Jia-Wei Li, Zhou Huang, Mohamedally Kurmoo, Ming-Hua Zeng|2021|Chem.-Eur.J.|27|2875|doi:10.1002/chem.202004396


CCDC 1976931: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Chen, Jin-Ming;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1976935: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Chen, Jin-Ming;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1977155: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Chen, Jin-Ming;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1976934: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Li, Jiawei;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Jiawei Li|2020|CSD Communication||| Related Article: Jin-Ming Chen, Liang Peng, Fu-Fang Zhou, Bin Liu, Cheng Hou, Jia-Wei Li, Zhou Huang, Mohamedally Kurmoo, Ming-Hua Zeng|2021|Chem.-Eur.J.|27|2875|doi:10.1002/chem.202004396


CCDC 2037808: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuery, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Pierre Thuery, Jack Harrowfield|2021|Inorg.Chem.|60|1683|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03205


CCDC 2037809: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuery, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2037810: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuery, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2037811: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuery, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


catena-[bis(tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-zinc(ii)) tetrakis(mu-1,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarboxylato)-octaoxo-tetra-uranium tetrahydrate unknown solvate]

CCDC 2037812: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuery, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2037813: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuery, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2037814: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuery, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2037815: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Thuery, Pierre;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2040435: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Chetioui, Souheyla;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Souheyla Chetioui, Amel Djedouani, Zineb Fellahi, Jean-Pierre Djukic, Christian G. Bochet, Abdelkader Zarrouk, Ismail Warad|2020|J.Mol.Struct.|1229|129604|doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129604


CCDC 2036080: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Asbai, Zakariae;2021;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Zakariae Asbai, Anna Bonfiglio, Pierluigi Mercandelli, Federico Polo, Matteo Mauro|2021|Polyhedron|197|115025|doi:10.1016/j.poly.2021.115025


Abstract: Fourier analysis of interferograms captured in white light interference microscopy is proposed for performing simultaneous local spectral and topographic measurements at high spatial resolution over a large field of view. The technique provides a wealth of key information on local sample properties. We describe the necessary processing and calibration involved to produce reflectivity maps of spatially extended samples. This enables precise and fast identification between different materials at a local scale of 1 µm. We also show that the recovered spectral information can be further used for improving topography measurements, particularly in the case of samples combining dielectric and conducting materials in which the complex refractive index can result in nanometric height errors.

Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

Wide-field parallel mapping of local spectral and topographic information with white light interference microscopy;Sébastien MARBACH;2021;The Optical Society


CCDC 2011010: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Feng, Chunyu;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Chunyu Feng, Shengmei Zhou, Danbo Wang, Yingjie Zhao, Shaofeng Liu, Zhibo Li, Pierre Braunstein|2020|Organometallics|40|184|doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00683


CCDC 2014860: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Feng, Chunyu;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2014861: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Feng, Chunyu;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2040825: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Christophe Kahlfuss, Eliot Starck, Elsa Tufenkjian, Nathalie Kyritsakas, Abdelaziz Jouaiti, Stéphane A. Baudron, Mir Wais Hosseini, Véronique Bulach|2021|CrystEngComm|23|944|doi:10.1039/D0CE01661F


CCDC 2040826: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2040827: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2040828: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2040829: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


catena-(bis(mu-9-hexyl-8-[(pyridin-3-yl)ethynyl]-9H-purin-6-amine)-bis(nitrato)-cadmium 1,2-dichloroethane methanol unknown solvate)

CCDC 2040830: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2040831: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2040832: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2040833: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2040836: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Kahlfuss, Christophe;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: The presence of a circadian clock in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) was discovered recently. However, little is known about mechanisms or processes regulated by the RPE clock. We cultured ARPE-19 monolayers in a transwell culture system, and we found rhythmic mRNA expression of the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter SLC12A2. We localized the corresponding protein product, NKCC1, on the apical membrane of ARPE-19 cells. We found that concentrations of sodium, potassium, and chloride oscillated in apical supernatants. The ion concentration gradients between supernatants strongly correlated with SLC12A2 mRNA expression. Our results suggest that the circadian clock regulates ion transport by the RPE via NKCC1 expression.

Does the circadian clock make RPE-mediated ion transport “tick” via <i>SLC12A2</i> (NKCC1)?;Nemanja Milićević;2019;Taylor & Francis


Related Article: Bougar Sarr, Abdou Mbaye, Cheikh A.K. Diop, Mamadou Sidibé, Frederic Melin, Petra Hellwig, Francis Maury, Cédric Charvillat, Michel Giorgi, François Michaud, Rémi Dessapt|2020|Polyhedron|194|114919|doi:10.1016/j.poly.2020.114919

CCDC 2041975: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Sarr, Bougar;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1976967: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Sarr, Bougar;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: Abstract Background Gene copy number variants play an important role in the occurrence of neurodevelopmental disorders. Particularly, the deletion of the 16p11.2 locus is associated with autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and several other features. Earlier studies highlighted the implication of Kctd13 genetic imbalance in 16p11.2 deletion through the regulation of the RHOA pathway. Methods Here, we generated a new mouse model with a small deletion of two key exons in Kctd13. Then, we targeted the RHOA pathway to rescue the cognitive phenotypes of the Kctd13 and 16p11.2 deletion mouse models in a pure genetic background. We used a chronic administration of fasudil (HA1077), an inhibitor of the Rho-associated protein kinase, for six weeks in mouse models carrying a heterozygous inactivation of Kctd13, or the deletion of the entire 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 homologous region. Results We found that the small Kctd13 heterozygous deletion induced a cognitive phenotype similar to the whole deletion of the 16p11.2 homologous region, in the Del/+ mice. We then showed that chronic fasudil treatment can restore object recognition memory in adult heterozygous mutant mice for Kctd13 and for 16p11.2 deletion. In addition, learning and memory improvement occurred in parallel to change in the RHOA pathway. Limitations The Kcdt13 mutant line does not recapitulate all the phenotypes found in the 16p11.2 Del/+ model. In particular, the locomotor activity was not altered at 12 and 18 weeks of age and the object location memory was not defective in 18-week old mutants. Similarly, the increase in locomotor activity was not modified by the treatment in the 16p11.2 Del/+ mouse model, suggesting that other loci were involved in such defects. Rescue was observed only after four weeks of treatment but no long-term experiment has been carried out so far. Finally, we did not check the social behaviour, which requires working in another hybrid genetic background. Conclusion These findings confirm KCTD13 as one target gene causing cognitive deficits in 16p11.2 deletion patients, and the relevance of the RHOA pathway as a therapeutic path for 16p11.2 deletion. In addition, they reinforce the contribution of other gene(s) involved in cognitive defects found in the 16p11.2 models in older mice.

Targeting the RHOA pathway improves learning and memory in adult Kctd13 and 16p11.2 deletion mouse models;Sandra Martin Lorenzo;2021;figshare


Abstract: Additional file 1. Data collection sheets for intravascular ultrasound image-guided liver navigation in an ex vivo model. The number of landmarks were 21 in the ex vivo model.

Additional file 1 of Fluoroless intravascular ultrasound image-guided liver navigation in porcine models;Takeshi Urade;2021;figshare


Abstract: Additional file 2. Data collection sheets for intravascular ultrasound image-guided liver navigation in an in vivo model. The number of landmarks was 26 in the in vivo model. It included duodenum, pancreas, hepatic artery, and its left and right branches.

Additional file 2 of Fluoroless intravascular ultrasound image-guided liver navigation in porcine models;Takeshi Urade;2021;figshare


Abstract: Abstract Background An intravascular ultrasound catheter (IVUSc) was developed for intracardiac ultrasound to assess interventions with compelling results. However, intrahepatic vascular exploration was rarely tested and was always associated with X-ray techniques. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility to navigate through the whole liver using an IVUSc, providing high-quality images and making it unnecessary to use ionizing radiation. Methods An ex vivo pig visceral block and an in vivo pig model were used in this study. The IVUS equipment was composed of an US system, and of an 8 French lateral firing IVUSc capable of producing 90-degree sector images in the longitudinal plane. After accessing the intravascular space with the IVUSc into the models, predetermined anatomical landmarks were visualized from the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins and corroborated. Results IVUS navigation was achieved in both models successfully. The entire navigation protocol took 87 and 48 min respectively, and 100% (21/21) and 96.15% (25/26) of the landmarks were correctly identified with the IVUSc alone in the ex vivo and in vivo models respectively. IVUS allowed to clearly visualize the vasculature beyond third-order branches of the hepatic and portal veins. Conclusions A complete IVUS liver navigation is feasible using the IVUSc alone, making it unnecessary to use ionizing radiation. This approach provides high-definition and real-time images of the complex liver structure and offers a great potential for future clinical applications during diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

Fluoroless intravascular ultrasound image-guided liver navigation in porcine models;Takeshi Urade;2021;figshare


Abstract: Abstract Background Centronuclear myopathies are severe rare congenital diseases. The clinical variability and genetic heterogeneity of these myopathies result in major challenges in clinical trial design. Alternative strategies to large placebo-controlled trials that have been used in other rare diseases (e.g., the use of surrogate markers or of historical controls) have limitations that Bayesian statistics may address. Here we present a Bayesian model that uses each patient’s own natural history study data to predict progression in the absence of treatment. This prospective multicentre natural history evaluated 4-year follow-up data from 59 patients carrying mutations in the MTM1 or DNM2 genes. Methods Our approach focused on evaluation of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in 6- to 18-year-old children. A patient was defined as a responder if an improvement was observed after treatment and the predictive probability of such improvement in absence of intervention was less than 0.01. An FEV1 response was considered clinically relevant if it corresponded to an increase of more than 8%. Results The key endpoint of a clinical trial using this model is the rate of response. The power of the study is based on the posterior probability that the rate of response observed is greater than the rate of response that would be observed in the absence of treatment predicted based on the individual patient’s previous natural history. In order to appropriately control for Type 1 error, the threshold probability by which the difference in response rates exceeds zero was adapted to 91%, ensuring a 5% overall Type 1 error rate for the trial. Conclusions Bayesian statistical analysis of natural history data allowed us to reliably simulate the evolution of symptoms for individual patients over time and to probabilistically compare these simulated trajectories to actual observed post-treatment outcomes. The proposed model adequately predicted the natural evolution of patients over the duration of the study and will facilitate a sufficiently powerful trial design that can cope with the disease’s rarity. Further research and ongoing dialog with regulatory authorities are needed to allow for more applications of Bayesian statistics in orphan disease research.

Hierarchical Bayesian modelling of disease progression to inform clinical trial design in centronuclear myopathy;Eve Fouarge;2021;figshare


Abstract: Additional file 2: Time on ventilator in children. Data for each subject is shown in blue. Model fit is shown in red.

Additional file 2 of Hierarchical Bayesian modelling of disease progression to inform clinical trial design in centronuclear myopathy;Eve Fouarge;2021;figshare


Abstract: Additional file 1: FEV1 (%) in adults. Data for each subject is shown in blue. Model fit is shown in red..

Additional file 1 of Hierarchical Bayesian modelling of disease progression to inform clinical trial design in centronuclear myopathy;Eve Fouarge;2021;figshare


Abstract: Additional file 3: Time on ventilator in adults. Data for each subject is shown in blue. Model fit is shown in red.

Additional file 3 of Hierarchical Bayesian modelling of disease progression to inform clinical trial design in centronuclear myopathy;Eve Fouarge;2021;figshare


Abstract: Abstract Background Burnout results from excessive demands at work. Caregivers suffering from burnout show a state of emotional exhaustion, leading them to distance themselves from their patients and to become less efficient in their work. While some studies have shown a negative impact of burnout on physicians’ clinical reasoning, others have failed to demonstrate any such impacts. To better understand the link between clinical reasoning and burnout, we carried out a study looking for an association between burnout and clinical reasoning in a population of general practice residents. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional observational study among residents in general practice in 2017 and 2019. Clinical reasoning performance was assessed using a script concordance test (SCT). The Maslach Burnout Inventory for Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) was used to determine burnout status in both original standards of Maslach’s burnout inventory manual (conventional approach) and when individuals reported high emotional exhaustion in combination with high depersonalization or low personal accomplishment compared to a norm group (“emotional exhaustion +1” approach). Results One hundred ninety-nine residents were included. The participants’ mean SCT score was 76.44% (95% CI: 75.77–77.10). In the conventional approach, 126 residents (63.31%) had no burnout, 37 (18.59%) had mild burnout, 23 (11.56%) had moderate burnout, and 13 (6.53%) had severe burnout. In the “exhaustion + 1“ approach, 38 residents had a burnout status (19.10%). We found no significant correlation between burnout status and SCT scores either for conventional or “exhaustion + 1“ approaches. Conclusions Our data seem to indicate that burnout status has no significant impact on clinical reasoning. However, one speculation is that SCT mostly examines the clinical reasoning process’s analytical dimension, whereas emotions are conventionally associated with the intuitive dimension. We think future research might aim to explore the impact of burnout on intuitive clinical reasoning processes.

Does burnout affect clinical reasoning? An observational study among residents in general practice;Philippe Guillou;2021;figshare


Abstract: Additional file 1. All data of participants including MBI-HSS responses, SCT scores, and descriptive statistical analysis.

Additional file 1 of Does burnout affect clinical reasoning? An observational study among residents in general practice;Philippe Guillou;2021;figshare


CCDC 1961430: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Jiang, Li-Ping;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Li-Ping Jiang, Mohamedally Kurmoo, Ming-Hua Zeng|2020|Dalton Trans.|49|17683|doi:10.1039/D0DT02880K


CCDC 2007599: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Tang, Shuang-Qi;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Shuang-Qi Tang, Maeva Leloire, Séverine Schneider, Julie Mohr, Jacques Bricard, Patrick Gizzi, Delphine Garnier, Martine Schmitt, Frédéric Bihel|2020|J.Org.Chem.|85|15347|doi:10.1021/acs.joc.0c01764


CCDC 2007600: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Tang, Shuang-Qi;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2007601: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Tang, Shuang-Qi;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: The Velké Vrbno Dome crops-out at the boundary between the Brunovistulian Terrane and the internal parts of the Bohemian Massif. Here, eclogite boudins occur within an Ediacaran volcano sedimentary sequence. Strong Nb depletion (Nb/Nb* = 0.19 – 0.82) combined with moderately positive Nd isotopic compositions (εNd(i) = +3.89 – +5.77) are used to argue for placement of the eclogite protoliths in a transitional supra-subduction to continental-rift setting. Conversely, heterogeneously enriched large ion lithophile elements and highly radiogenic Sr isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sr = 0.705–0.720) are interpreted to have been modified following fluid infiltration subsequent to eclogite facies metamorphism. U–Pb laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry dating of magmatic zircon from the rift-type eclogite indicates Early Cambrian emplacement (c.535 Ma) following episodic Ediacaran volcanic arc activity. Moreover, a continental setting is emphasised by zircon dating of a mylonitic orthogneiss, revealing a fragment of Palaeoproterozoic (c.2000 Ma) basement, the first such finding within the Brunovistulian Terrane sensu stricto. The new data from eclogite confirm that rifting in this segment of Gondwana pre-dated the Ordovician opening of the Rheic Ocean and therefore that the suture between Brunovistulia and the rest of the Bohemian Massif likely represents the vestige of an older hyperextended basin or oceanic tract.

Tectonic significance of the Variscan suture between Brunovistulia and the Bohemian Massif;S. Collett;2020;Geological Society of London


CCDC 2016067: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Santoro, Antonio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Antonio Santoro, Jan Holub, Marta A. Fik-Jaskółka, Ghislaine Vantomme, Jean-Marie Lehn|2020|Chem.-Eur.J.|26|15664|doi:10.1002/chem.202003496


CCDC 2016068: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Santoro, Antonio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2016069: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Santoro, Antonio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2016070: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Santoro, Antonio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2016071: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Santoro, Antonio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2016072: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Santoro, Antonio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2016073: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Santoro, Antonio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


Abstract: In humans, the attitude toward risk is not neutral and is dissimilar between bets involving gains and bets involving losses. The existence and prevalence of these decision features in non-human primates are unclear. In addition, only a few studies have tried to simulate the evolution of agents based on their attitude toward risk. Therefore, we still ignore to which extent Prospect theory’s claims are evolutionary rooted. To shed light on this issue, we collected data in nine macaques that performed bets involving gains or losses. We confirmed that their overall behaviour is coherent with Prospect theory’s claims. In parallel, we used a genetic algorithm to simulate the evolution of a population of agents across several generations. We showed that the algorithm selects progressively agents that exhibit risk-seeking and an inverted S-shape distorted perception of probability. We compared these two results and found that monkeys’ attitude toward risk when facing losses only is congruent with the simulation. This result is consistent with the idea that gambling in the loss domain is analogous to deciding in a context of life-threatening challenges where a certain level of risk-seeking behaviours and probability distortions may be adaptive.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Existence and prevalence of economic behaviours among non-human primates’.

Supplementary material from "The adaptive value of probability distortion and risk-seeking in macaques’ decision-making";A. Nioche;2020;The Royal Society


Abstract: Dataset used for the decision GLMMs and decision tree analysis

Dataset from Non-human primates use combined rules when deciding under ambiguity;A. Romain;2020;The Royal Society


Abstract: Decision outcomes in unpredictable environments may not have exact known probabilities. Yet the predictability level of outcomes matters in decisions, and animals, including humans, generally avoid ambiguous options. Managing ambiguity may be more challenging and requires stronger cognitive skills than decision-making under risk, where decisions involve known probabilities. Here we compare decision-making in capuchins, macaques, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos in risky and ambiguous contexts. Subjects were shown lotteries (a tray of potential rewards, some large, some small) and could gamble a medium-sized food item to obtain one of the displayed rewards. The odds of winning and losing varied and were accessible in the risky context (all rewards were visible) or partially available in the ambiguous context (some rewards were covered). In the latter case, the level of information varied from fully ambiguous (individuals could not guess what was under the covers) to predictable (individuals could guess). None of the species avoided gambling in ambiguous lotteries and gambling rates were high if at least two large rewards were visible. Capuchins and bonobos ignored the covered items and gorillas and macaques took the presence of potential rewards into account, but only chimpanzees and orangutans could consistently build correct expectations about the size of the covered rewards. Chimpanzees and orangutans combined decision rules according to the number of large visible rewards and the level of predictability, a process resembling conditional probabilities assessment in humans. Despite a low sample size, this is the first evidence in non-human primates that a combination of several rules can underlie choices made in an unpredictable environment. Our finding that non-human primates can deal with the uncertainty of an outcome when exchanging one food item for another is a key element to the understanding of the evolutionary origins of economic behaviour.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Existence and prevalence of economic behaviours among non-human primates’.

Supplementary material from "Non-human primates use combined rules when deciding under ambiguity";A. Romain;2020;The Royal Society


Abstract: Introduction: Falls among older people are a major health issue and the first cause of accidental death after 75 years of age. Post-fall syndrome (PFS) is commonly known and yet poorly studied. Objective: Identify risk factors for PFS and do a follow-up 1 year later. Methods: We included all patients over 70 years of age hospitalized after suffering a fall in a case-control study, and then followed them in a cohort study. PFS was retained in case of functional mobility decline (transferring, walking) occurring following a fall in the absence of an acute neurological, orthopedic or rheumatic pathology directly responsible for the decline. The data initially collected were: clinical (anamnestic, emergency and departmental/ward evolution, medical history, lifestyle, treatments, clinical examination items); and imaging if the patient had been subjected to brain imaging in the last 3 years prior to inclusion. Regarding the follow-up at 1 year, we collected from the general physician the occurrence and the characteristics of new falls, functional mobility assessment, hospitalization and death. Results: Inclusion took place from March 29, 2016 to June 7, 2016 and follow-up until June 30, 2017. We included 70 patients. A total of 29 patients exhibited a PFS (41.4 %). Risk factors for PFS included age, walking disorder prior to the fall, the use of a walking aid prior to the fall, no unaccompanied outdoor walk in the week before the fall, visual impairment making close reading impossible, stiffness in ankle dorsiflexion, grip strength and the fear of falling. Among patients with PFS, 52.9% could still perform a transfer at 1 year and 64.7% could still walk against 80.7% and 85.2%, respectively, for patients without PFS. Conclusion: The study showed the existence of body functions/structure impairments and activity limitations prior to the fall among patients exhibiting a PFS. This suggests the existence of a pre-fall syndrome, i.e., a psychomotor disadaptation syndrome existing prior to the fall. Among the 8 risk factors, fear of falling, vision impairment and muscle strength could be targeted for improvement. The diagnosis of PFS could be a marker of loss of functional mobility at 1 year.

Supplementary Material for: Gait Disorder among Elderly People, Psychomotor Disadaptation Syndrome: Post-Fall Syndrome, Risk Factors and Follow-Up – A Cohort Study of 70 Patients;M. Meyer;2020;Karger Publishers


CCDC 1956646: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Fan, Kun;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Kun Fan, Song-Song Bao, Ran Huo, Xin-Da Huang, Yu-Jie Liu, Zi-Wen Yu, Mohamedally Kurmoo, Li-Min Zheng|2020|Inorg.Chem.Front.|7|4580|doi:10.1039/C9QI01504C


CCDC 1956649: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Fan, Kun;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1956648: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Fan, Kun;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1956647: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Fan, Kun;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2019247: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Mercuri, Giorgio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Giorgio Mercuri, Marco Moroni, Andrea Fermi, Giacomo Bergamini, Simona Galli, Giuliano Giambastiani, Andrea Rossin|2020|Inorg.Chem.|59|15832|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02297


CCDC 2020561: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Mercuri, Giorgio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2020562: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Mercuri, Giorgio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2020563: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Mercuri, Giorgio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 2020564: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Mercuri, Giorgio;2020;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre


CCDC 1475566: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination;Farger, Pierre;2019;Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre

Related Article: Pierre Farger, Cédric Leuvrey, Guillaume Rogez, Michel François, Pierre Rabu, Emilie Delahaye|2019|Cryst.Growth Des.|19|4264|doi:10.1021/acs.cgd.8b01725


Abstract: Abstract Background Poisoning is one of the leading causes of admission to the emergency department and intensive care unit. A large number of epidemiological changes have occurred over the last years such as the exponential growth of new synthetic psychoactive substances. Major progress has also been made in analytical screening and assays, enabling the clinicians to rapidly obtain a definite diagnosis. Methods A committee composed of 30 experts from five scientific societies, the Société de Réanimation de Langue Française (SRLF), the Société Française de Médecine d’Urgence (SFMU), the Société de Toxicologie Clinique (STC), the Société Française de Toxicologie Analytique (SFTA) and the Groupe Francophone de Réanimation et d’Urgences Pédiatriques (GFRUP) evaluated eight fields: (1) severity assessment and initial triage; (2) diagnostic approach and role of toxicological analyses; (3) supportive care; (4) decontamination; (5) elimination enhancement; (6) place of antidotes; (7) specificities related to recreational drug poisoning; and (8) characteristics of cardiotoxicant poisoning. Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) questions were reviewed and updated as needed, and evidence profiles were generated. Analysis of the literature and formulation of recommendations were then conducted according to the GRADE® methodology. Results The SRLF-SFMU guideline panel provided 41 statements concerning the management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning. Ethanol and chemical poisoning were excluded from the scope of these recommendations. After two rounds of discussion and various amendments, a strong consensus was reached for all recommendations. Six of these recommendations had a high level of evidence (GRADE 1±) and six had a low level of evidence (GRADE 2±). Twenty-nine recommendations were in the form of expert opinion recommendations due to the low evidences in the literature. Conclusions The experts reached a substantial consensus for several strong recommendations for optimal management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning, mainly regarding the conditions and effectiveness of naloxone and N-acetylcystein as antidotes to treat opioid and acetaminophen poisoning, respectively.

Management of pharmaceutical and recreational drug poisoning;Bruno Mégarbane;2020;figshare